 Aos 40 anos, Itaipu é a 3ª maior hidrelétrica do mundo

A maior usina hidrelétrica do país começou a funcionar em maio de 1984

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Itaipu foi construída pelo Brasil e pelo Paraguai nas águas do Rio Paraná, na fronteira entre os dois países

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Por muito tempo, foi a maior hidrelétrica do mundo em potência instalada. Hoje é a terceira. Só perde para duas usinas da China

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A hidrelétrica binacional responde por quase toda a energia consumida no Paraguai e 10% da energia brasileira

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O primeiro passo para a criação da usina foi o Tratado de Itaipu, assinado em abril de 1973 pelos presidentes Médici e Stroessner

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Para entrar em vigor, o tratado precisou ser aprovado pelo Congresso Nacional

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A empresa Itaipu Binacional foi fundada em maio de 1974 e deu início às obras

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Foram dez anos de construção. No auge, o gigantesco empreendimento no Rio Paraná contou com 40 mil trabalhadores

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Para viabilizar a usina, o Salto das Sete Quedas, na época tão famoso quanto as Cataratas do Iguaçu, foi inundado e desapareceu

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As 20 unidades geradoras de energia entraram em operação no decorrer dos anos. A primeira, em 1984. A última, em 2007

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Cada país tem direito à metade da energia de Itaipu. O Paraguai utiliza apenas 5% do total gerado e vende os 45% restantes ao Brasil

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Atualmente, os dois países renegociam o preço da energia que o Brasil compra do Paraguai

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Em abril, o ministro Rui Costa, da Casa Civil, disse no Senado que os termos do acordo serão logo oficializados

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O ajuste no Tratado de Itaipu precisará ser validado pelo Congresso

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Itaipu ajudou a reduzir as rivalidades históricas entre os dois países e é considerada uma das sementes do Mercosul

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texto Ricardo Westin edição Rafael Faria pesquisa e edição de fotos Pillar Pedreira edição de multimídia Pillar Pedreira fotos Acervo Itaipu Binacional Foto 05. Frank Kehren 07. Arquivo do Senado 09. Reprodução/Wikipédia 14. Rafa Neddermeyer/Abr 15. Marcos Oliveira/Agência Senado 16. Jose Luis Stephens Publicado em 29/5/2024